Resources
Choosing the appropriate source for your system can be confusing. Use the resources below to get the data you need to make an informed decision. If you're still not sure or you need customization, reach out to our team at info@energetiq.com.
Laser-Driven Light Sources
LDLS® Selection Guide | LDLS® Product Catalog
EQX-850 Data Sheet
EQ-99X Data Sheet | Manual
EQ-99X-FC Data Sheet | Manual
EQ-99X-FC Fiber Optic Cable Data Sheet
EQ-99X-CAL Data Sheet
EQ-99 Manager Data Sheet | Manual
EQ-77 Data Sheet | Manual
EQ-77X Data Sheet | Manual
EQ-9 Data Sheet | Manual
EQ-9-HP Manual
EQ-400 Data Sheet | Manual
Extreme UV / Soft X-Ray
EUV Selection Guide
EQS-10 Data Sheet
EQ-10R Data Sheet
EQ-10R-HP Data Sheet
EQ-10R-SXR Data Sheet
Laser-Driven Tunable Light Sources
LDTLS® Selection Guide
TLS-EQ-77-S Data Sheet | Manual
TLS-EQ-77-NIR Data Sheet | Manual
TLS-EQ-77-UV Data Sheet | Manual
TLS-EQ-9-S Data Sheet | Manual
Chromatiq Spectral Engine™
CSE-EQ-99-VIS Data Sheet | Manual | Software
CSE-EQ-99-VIS-NIR Data Sheet | Manual | Software
Understanding Radiance (Brightness), Irradiance and Radiant Flux
Evaluation of the performance of a radiation source has to involve radiometry – the measurement of quantities associated with radiation. To those new to the field, the units and terms, such as Radiance, Irradiance and Radiant Flux, may be unfamiliar. In addition, non-standard terms such as brightness, radiant power, flux, and intensity are often used casually without explanations. Finally, photometry terms such as luminance are often misused when discussing radiometry situations.
This Application Note attempts to explain radiometry terms and units, to differentiate them from photometry terms, and to clarify the non-standard terms commonly heard. In addition we will illustrate how the radiometric terms help in selecting an appropriate light source for a particular application. Read More.
Operation of Laser-Driven Light Sources below 300 nm: Ozone Mitigation
Deep ultraviolet sources, such as Energetiq’s LDLS™, can produce ozone which can adversely affect the performance of instruments and experiments connected to the LDLS. Ozone in the optical path of an instrument will absorb UV light by varying amounts, depending on the ozone concentration. This application note explains the ozone generation mechanism and appropriate ozone mitigation techniques that will ensure the best possible results. Read More.
Etendue and Optical Throughput Calculations
This note is intended to help decide whether a Laser-Driven Light Source (LDLS™) is the appropriate source for an application. In this note we will consider only the optical performance and not other benefits of the LDLS, such as stability or ultra-long life. One of the main factors to consider is whether or not the étendue of the LDLS matches the étendue of the optical system. To have an optimized throughput in an optical system, the étendue of the light source, the collecting optics, and the étendue of the light receiving optics, optical fibers or monochromators, need to be closely matched. (In this Application Note, a monochromator can also mean a spectrometer or a spectrograph.).
In addition to the term “étendue,” other terms often used are “f-number” (F/#) and “numerical aperture” (NA). Etendue and its relationship to F/# and NA of an optical system will be discussed, in addition to discussions on how to use étendue and throughput calculations to select appropriate LDLS applications. For simplicity, diffraction and coherence effects are excluded in these discussions. Read More.
Laser-Driven Light Source (LDLS®) Enables Improved FTIR Measurements for Semiconductor Metrology and Impurities Content in Semiconductor Materials
Recently, Energetiq expanded the emission band of the LDLS to the mid-IR with the EQ-77C. This was achieved by designing a new light cell with different output window material, allowing transmission of the xenon plasma discharge broad spectrum from 350 nm up to 20 μm (VIS to mid-IR). The very small plasma of the EQ-77C produces high spectral radiance, about ten times higher than a thermal IR source (e.g., Globar®) and exhibits a high level of spatial stability. Read More.
LDLS-Powered Broadband Tunable Light Source for the Application of Diamond Inspection
A broadband Laser-Driven Tunable Light Source (LDTLS®) powered by Energetiq’s Laser-Driven Light Source (LDLS®) is proposed for the application of diamond inspection. Experimental results of system performance and a summary of diamond sample inspections are presented. Read More.
Instrumentation for Wavelength Calibration
Spectrometers and other wavelength-sensitive instruments will naturally drift due to environmental effects and influences over time. This issue is common for these types of instruments. It can be addressed by regular wavelength calibration, which helps to resume accurate and reliable spectroscopic results. Wavelength calibration can be achieved by observing the spectrum of emission lines of known wavelengths from a designated instrument, including gas-discharge lamps, laser lines, tunable light sources, and more. In this note, a discussion and comparison of the instruments used in wavelength calibration is presented to better understand the performance and limitation of different light sources for the application of wavelength calibration. Read More.
Innovative Light Sources for Endoscopic Procedures
Narrow endoscopic equipment has been used in surgeries targeting small spaces and structures within the body for many decades. Advances in technology are now accelerating the development and adoption in an increasing number of clinical areas, including ophthalmology, neurology, and gastroenterology. The ability to deliver illumination, imaging, and surgical functionality through sub-millimeter-diameter endoscopes is enabling increasingly-complex and beneficial procedures while minimizing the disruption to healthy tissues. Read More.
Laser-Driven Light Source (LDLS®) Enables Improved Trace-Level Gas Measurements
Long-path differential optical absorbance spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) is an optical technique that provides simultaneous trace-level measurements of multiple gas species in the atmosphere. The Beer-Lambert law describes the relationship between a measured optical spectrum and an emitted spectrum, based on the absorbance cross section of each gas in the optical path, the concentration of each gas, and extinction factors related to light scattering. LP-DOAS applies this law to measure a variety of gases, down to trace-level concentrations. Read More.
Advanced Illumination for Biological Hyperspectral Imaging
Hyperspectral imaging techniques allow for spatially and spectrally encoded, pixel-by-pixel collection and processing of information across broad bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. Techniques based on this principle are being applied to an expanding range of fields including, but not limited to astronomy, geoscience, agriculture, and more recently biomedical imaging and molecular biology. Energetiq’s high-brightness broadband Laser-Driven Light Sources (LDLS™) are enabling new insights into the biological sciences, especially in applications where researchers employ hyperspectral imaging to study subcellular structures on the nanoscale. Read More.
Laser-Driven Light Sources (LDLS®) for Material Science Applications
Energetiq Technology is a developer and manufacturer of ultra-bright broadband light sources for a variety of advanced applications in life and materials sciences, semiconductor manufacturing, and R&D. Energetiq’s Laser-Driven Light Sources (LDLS) are based on revolutionary technology that generates high brightness across the spectrum, with high reliability and long life. Read More.
Laser-Driven Light Source (LDLS®) for Calibration
Energetiq Technology’s Laser-Driven Light Source (LDLS™) technology is ideal for optical component testing and calibration applications. This application note will describe why scientists at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center selected the EQ-400 LDLS to calibrate a detector on a hyperspectral telescope that will be used to examine our planet’s ocean. Read More.
Ambient Light Sensor Calibration with Tunable Light Sources
The smartphone market is a fast-paced and highly competitive business in which market leaders must continually innovate with regular releases of “smarter,” more capable phones. Worldwide production of smartphones now exceeds 1.5 billion units per year. While first-to-market features are included in each new product launch, premium brands continue to focus on advancing core functionalities, such as display quality, camera image quality, and battery life. There are typically at least two ambient light sensors in each smartphone to support these core functionalities. Manufacturers must optimize their calibration process to ensure that they can meet the high demand for high performance ambient light sensors. Read More.
Virus and Bacteria Deactivation Research with Energetiq Tunable Light Sources
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of millions worldwide. As of August 31, 2020, there have been over 25 million cases confirmed. The number of deaths related to COVID-19 exceeds 800,000 and continues to rise. In terms of mortality, the COVID-19 virus does not act alone. In fact, early evidence suggests that approximately 50% of the people who have passed from COVID-19 also had a secondary infection.1 These secondary infections are known as superinfections and are a complication in which an additional infection occurs on top of the primary viral infection. Superinfections contribute to the overall mortality rate associated with COVID-19, as patients are exposed to bacteria and viruses that lead to superinfections in public spaces and healthcare facilities. Read More.
LDLS-Powered Tunable Light Source with Far-UVC Output
The pandemic from the recent outbreak of COVID-19 calls for rapid mobilization of every possible clinical tool, including phototherapy, which has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective ways to reduce the impact of the 1918 “Spanish influenza” pandemic [1]. Evidences show that far-UVC light (207 nm–222 nm) efficiently inactivates bacteria without harm to exposed mammalian skin, since far-UVC light cannot penetrate even the outer layers of human skin or eye due to its strong absorbance in biological materials [2]. Further evidence shows that UV and blue light can inactivate several viruses, including the common flu coronavirus [3]. These findings attract more attention and efforts to further explore the clinical value of light, which is helpful to avoid another pandemic to serve as a reminder. The unique property of wavelength tunable light sources, especially with capability of tuning range covering from far-UVC to visible, makes it suitable to function as a key role in the research and development in phototherapy activities, as researchers can manipulate desired wavelength to observe the response from the virus or bacteria under test.
In this study, a TLS powered by an LDLSTM with specific design to facilitate UV output is presented. Read More.
Laser-Driven Light Sources (LDLS®) for Ellipsometry
Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a non-destructive metrology method used to examine nanoscale materials and is especially useful to determine the thickness of thin film substrates as well as quality monitoring and defect analysis. The technique dates to at least 1886 when the German physicist Paul Drude developed the fundamental equations and was first referred to by the term “ellipsometry” in 1945.
An ellipsometer measures the interaction of light with a sample material by measuring the change in polarization of reflected light. This technology can be used to measure multilayer film thickness, refractive index and absorption. Read More.
Review the basics of Laser-Driven Light Sources, their operation, and how these elements are used in Energetiq's LDLS.
The Electrodeless Z-Pinch EUV Source is a reliable and stable source of EUV photons and is being operated in the field 24/7 with consistent operation over many years.
Our headquarters in Massachusetts is home to collaboration and a culture of innovation with streamlined logistics and clean manufacturing areas and R&D laboratories.
Laser-Driven Light Sources
Photonic Frontiers: LEDs and other Light Sources: Looking Back/Looking Forward: More than lasers: LEDs, lamps, and other non-laser sources
Laser Focus World | May 2015
Author: Jeff Hecht
Laser Focus World has always focused on lasers, but it also covers other light sources. In the early days, those other sources generally had laser connections. Flashlamps pumped solid-state lasers. Lasers, in turn, pumped nonlinear sources such as optical parametric amplifiers and oscillators, sum-frequency generators, and supercontinuums. Incoherent LEDs were closely related to laser diodes, and their applications overlapped in early fiber-optic systems.
SPECTROSCOPY: LDLS™ sheds light on analytical-sciences applications
Laser Focus World | December 2011
Authors: Huiling Zhu and Paul Blackborow
Today’s cutting-edge research and manufacturing applications in the life sciences and materials sciences need light sources capable of delivering bright and highly stable light over long lifetimes. A new light-source technology has been developed that can deliver ultrahigh brightness over a broad wavelength band (170–2100 nm) for spectroscopy and other uses, making it a cost-effective, longer-lifetime alternative to conventional deuterium lamps (D2), tungsten-halogen (TH) lamps, and short-arc xenon (Xe) lamps. This new light source, developed by Energetiq Technology and called the laser-driven light source (LDLS), has a much longer lifetime—typically ten times that of traditional lamps—and is more stable than its conventional counterparts, due to the elimination of interactions between a high-temperature plasma and tungsten electrodes.
Energetiq Technology Inc.: From Semi Fab to Bio Lab
Optics and Photonics News (a publication of OSA) | May 2011
Author: Lisa Robillard
This company takes a customer-first approach to creating and manufacturing efficient, high-brightness, laser-driven light sources—with applications in the semiconductor industry, analytical spectroscopy and the life sciences.
NOVEL LASERS: Broadband laser-driven plasma source spans nearly 2000 nm
Laser Focus World | April 2011
Author: Gail Overton
Energetiq (Woburn, MA) has developed a laser-driven plasma light source for spectroscopic and imaging applications that delivers broadband spectral output from 170 nm in the deep-ultraviolet (deep-UV) region through the visible and into the infrared (IR) up to 2100 nm.
Energetiq Brings Deep Ultraviolet to Life
Optics and Laser Europe | February 2009
As the economic climate forces an ever tightening grip on the purse strings, it is uplifting to see moguls of the semiconductor industry such as Intel Capital acting against the current and investing in early stage companies across the globe. One lucky recipient is Energetiq Technology, a developer of high-brightness short-wavelength light sources, which has just raised an additional $3m (€2.3m) in its third round of financing, according to federal documents.
Extreme Ultraviolet/Soft X-Ray
Affordable X-Ray Microscopy with Nanoscale Resolution
BioOptics World | March/April 2013
Authors: James E. Evans, Paul Blackborow, Stephen F. Horne, and Jeff Gelb
Soft x-ray microscopy enables imaging of whole cells at intermediate length scales, helping to bridge the resolution gap between light and electron microscopy. The widespread adoption of this technique will depend on less expensive instruments that incorporate compact light sources—which are now becoming available.
Infrastructure Steps Closer to EUV Lithography
Semiconductor International | September 2005
Author: Aaron Hand, Managing Editor of Semiconductor International
The latest update of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) lists several difficult challenges for lithography below the 45 nm node. The fact that several of those challenges are specific to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography says two things: 1) There's a strong assumption that EUV lithography will be the exposure tool of choice for critical layers at the 32 nm node; and 2) it's not going to be easy to get it ready on time.
Below are some of our most recent published papers. To view our full collection of papers, check out our archive.
Type | Title | Authors | Product | Keywords |
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Poster
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David Reisman, Kosuke Saito, Wolfram Neff
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EQ-10
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Electrodeless Z-Pinch, Metrology, EUV Light Sources, EUV Lithography, Xenon Plasma, Semiconductor
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Paper
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Yuxing Chen, Cauyuan Wang, Limin Xiao
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LDLS, EQ-99-FC
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Optical Fibers, Lenses, Bandwith, Silicon Compounds, Beam Collimation, Lensed Optical Fiber, Optical Coupling, Photonic Crystal Fiber
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Paper
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Joanna Bucynska, Agnieszka Gajewska, Aleksander Gorski, Barbara Goolec, Krzysztof Nawara, Renata Rybakiewicz, Jacek Waluk
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EQ-99
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Photostability, Photobleaching, Porphyrins, Self Healing Flourphores
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Paper
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Yurina Nishi, Ryosuke Wantabe, Subaru Sasaki, Akihiro Okada, Keisuke Seto, Takayoshi Kobayashi, Eiji Tokunaga
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EQ-99X
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Pockels effect, Surface Plasmon Polarition, Water, Interface, Electric Double Layer, Electromodulation Spectroscopy, Silber, Penetration Depth, Attenuated Total Reflection, Optical Modulation
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Paper
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Ying Chen
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LDLS, EQ-1500
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WS2 Flakes, Tungstic Acid, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Photodetectors
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Paper
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Jake Hardy, Mattew W. Brett, Aurelien Rossi, Isabella Wagner, Kai Chen, Mattie S. M. Timmer, Bridget L. Stocker, Michael B. Price, Nathaniel J. L. K. Davis
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Hydrocarbons, Energy Transfer, Absorption, Ligands, Aromatic Compounds
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